June 17, 2021
I am a scientist, living in a beautiful little town that is home to a fine university with a good medical school and a football program that teeters toward excellence. These two programs have many traits in common and some marked differences. Together, they make a useful paradigm to explore and understand two unfolding events, one of which is tragic and the other almost comical.
The football program seeks and recruits the best players from the best high school programs. Recruits have been assessed for their mental toughness, speed, agility, and pure brute strength. They have been supported by a legion of parents, coaches, and friends. Their ability to stiff-arm a free safety, sack a quarterback, and win the battle of defensive or offensive lines, not to mention throw, kick, or catch a football, confers advantages, but acquiring a deep academic understanding of the history of zone blocking advances their playing career not a bit. Recruits who are accepted by our football team will play at least some college games, and a small handful (1.6% nationally) of the best college players will be drafted into the National Football League.
The football program emphasizes brawn over brains. On its face, this brawn is unequally distributed between races: Blacks are overrepresented in the NFL by a factor of five, and Asians underrepresented by a factor of 50.
Medical school recruits get good grades on a myriad of academic exams and programs. They are supported by a bunch of teachers, professors, tutors, and parents. They mut be able to survive the horrors of organic chemistry, intermediary metabolism, neuroanatomy, about a thousand drugs, the diagnosis and management of ten thousand diseases, and a thousand-odd lab tests. Most graduates from the medical school will continue their education in a three-year residency, and a substantial number will undergo subspecialty fellowship training. Being liked and respected by their patients confers a clear advantage, but the ability to run over a center linebacker does not.
The medical school emphasizes brains, not brawn. On its face, brains are also unequally distributed between races: Asians are overrepresented in medical schools by a factor of three, and Blacks are underrepresented by the same ratio.
These two programs are classic meritocracies — they consciously and deliberately compete across the world to recruit and retain the elites, trying to be the best football team and the best medical school they can manage. They are consciously and openly striving for excellence, not mediocrity.
So what are the two events that are unfolding? The first involves the National Football League. It has a mammoth liability because repeatedly hitting people's heads on the football field is bad for their mental health. It causes "chronic traumatic encephalopathy," a disease with shadowy diagnostic criteria prior to postmortem exam, and has shadowy effects on mental performance. Diagnostic uncertainty is an advantage to lawyers pleading the case of ex–NFL players. These lawyers can claim that any reduction in mental abilities in an ex-player should be compensated. The NFL has agreed to a settlement, including a complex program of testing for neurocognitive impairment, but it requires that mental testing for ex-players be adjusted using "demographically adjusted normative data for Caucasians and African Americans." According to a legal submission, this means that Black former players are "automatically assumed ... to have started with worse cognitive functioning than white former players." This "race-norming" is claimed to exclude two thirds of Blacks from receiving benefits for loss of mental ability under the settlement.
Race-norming as such may be hard to defend, because Black athletes claiming compensation are a distinct class of affluent college-educated individuals. It might be better to determine whether a claimant's current test score is below his individually expected score had he not played in the NFL. Each ex-player has an abundance information from his college days from which to build an expected score. But college athletes have substantially lower academic scores than non-athletes, and Blacks have still lower scores than non-Blacks. Thus, this individual approach would (like race-norming) require a typical Black ex-player to demonstrate a lower test score to receive a compensation package than a typical white ex-player. Either way, this naked assertion of racism led Judge Anita Brody on June 3, 2021 to order a mediation concerning race-norming between the NFL and the ex-players' legal representatives.
The second organization is the American Medical Association, which has long and storied history of advancing the quality of medical care and education. It includes about 250,000 doctors and medical students. The average income of full members of the AMA is roughly $250,000, and most are continuously employed for their working lives. The AMA is the richest and brainiest large organization in the world. But, like many brainy organizations before it, the AMA has studiously taken leave of its senses. Its House of Delegates voted in June 2018 to approve a plan for "Continued Progress Toward Health Equity" and hired a chief health equity officer.
After baldly declaring that meritocracy is "a myth," the resulting "AMA Equity Strategic Plan," published May 2021, addressed medical education:
When Brains Go Woke and Brawn Goes Bust
By Ed McEffI am a scientist, living in a beautiful little town that is home to a fine university with a good medical school and a football program that teeters toward excellence. These two programs have many traits in common and some marked differences. Together, they make a useful paradigm to explore and understand two unfolding events, one of which is tragic and the other almost comical.
The football program seeks and recruits the best players from the best high school programs. Recruits have been assessed for their mental toughness, speed, agility, and pure brute strength. They have been supported by a legion of parents, coaches, and friends. Their ability to stiff-arm a free safety, sack a quarterback, and win the battle of defensive or offensive lines, not to mention throw, kick, or catch a football, confers advantages, but acquiring a deep academic understanding of the history of zone blocking advances their playing career not a bit. Recruits who are accepted by our football team will play at least some college games, and a small handful (1.6% nationally) of the best college players will be drafted into the National Football League.
The football program emphasizes brawn over brains. On its face, this brawn is unequally distributed between races: Blacks are overrepresented in the NFL by a factor of five, and Asians underrepresented by a factor of 50.
Medical school recruits get good grades on a myriad of academic exams and programs. They are supported by a bunch of teachers, professors, tutors, and parents. They mut be able to survive the horrors of organic chemistry, intermediary metabolism, neuroanatomy, about a thousand drugs, the diagnosis and management of ten thousand diseases, and a thousand-odd lab tests. Most graduates from the medical school will continue their education in a three-year residency, and a substantial number will undergo subspecialty fellowship training. Being liked and respected by their patients confers a clear advantage, but the ability to run over a center linebacker does not.
The medical school emphasizes brains, not brawn. On its face, brains are also unequally distributed between races: Asians are overrepresented in medical schools by a factor of three, and Blacks are underrepresented by the same ratio.
These two programs are classic meritocracies — they consciously and deliberately compete across the world to recruit and retain the elites, trying to be the best football team and the best medical school they can manage. They are consciously and openly striving for excellence, not mediocrity.
So what are the two events that are unfolding? The first involves the National Football League. It has a mammoth liability because repeatedly hitting people's heads on the football field is bad for their mental health. It causes "chronic traumatic encephalopathy," a disease with shadowy diagnostic criteria prior to postmortem exam, and has shadowy effects on mental performance. Diagnostic uncertainty is an advantage to lawyers pleading the case of ex–NFL players. These lawyers can claim that any reduction in mental abilities in an ex-player should be compensated. The NFL has agreed to a settlement, including a complex program of testing for neurocognitive impairment, but it requires that mental testing for ex-players be adjusted using "demographically adjusted normative data for Caucasians and African Americans." According to a legal submission, this means that Black former players are "automatically assumed ... to have started with worse cognitive functioning than white former players." This "race-norming" is claimed to exclude two thirds of Blacks from receiving benefits for loss of mental ability under the settlement.
Race-norming as such may be hard to defend, because Black athletes claiming compensation are a distinct class of affluent college-educated individuals. It might be better to determine whether a claimant's current test score is below his individually expected score had he not played in the NFL. Each ex-player has an abundance information from his college days from which to build an expected score. But college athletes have substantially lower academic scores than non-athletes, and Blacks have still lower scores than non-Blacks. Thus, this individual approach would (like race-norming) require a typical Black ex-player to demonstrate a lower test score to receive a compensation package than a typical white ex-player. Either way, this naked assertion of racism led Judge Anita Brody on June 3, 2021 to order a mediation concerning race-norming between the NFL and the ex-players' legal representatives.
The second organization is the American Medical Association, which has long and storied history of advancing the quality of medical care and education. It includes about 250,000 doctors and medical students. The average income of full members of the AMA is roughly $250,000, and most are continuously employed for their working lives. The AMA is the richest and brainiest large organization in the world. But, like many brainy organizations before it, the AMA has studiously taken leave of its senses. Its House of Delegates voted in June 2018 to approve a plan for "Continued Progress Toward Health Equity" and hired a chief health equity officer.
After baldly declaring that meritocracy is "a myth," the resulting "AMA Equity Strategic Plan," published May 2021, addressed medical education:
Medical education has largely been based on such flawed meritocratic ideals, and it will take intentional focus and effort to recognize, review and revise this deeply flawed interpretation, which ignores, or purposively obscures, the underlying root causes of causes (of health and of other metrics of success) that are socio-structural in nature and, often, rely on discredited and racist ideas about biological differences between racial groups.